Vocational guidance
Term
Vocational guidance
Definition
Help for individuals to make choices about education, training and employment.
Comment
Sometimes used as a synonym for career guidance or guidance.
See related definitions for ‘Career counselling’, ‘Career guidance’, ‘Guidance’.
Source
Hawthorn, R. (1991). Who Offers Guidance. Sheffield: Employment Department.
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ELGPN Glossary, career counselling, career guidance, vocational, guidance
Self-service
Term
Self-service
Definition
A mode of delivery of guidance services in which it is up to the client to select the guidance services, interventions or activities s/he will use.
Comment
In some settings, this is done by the client providing information about him/herself and then being directed automatically to services that might be appropriate. This approach is particularly common where on-line guidance services are being offered as all or part of the guidance service.
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ELGPN Glossary, guidance, internet, provision, online, career guidance, services
Self-help provision
Term
Self-help provision
Definition
An approach to the provision of guidance services that depends on the client either working on their own using resources and materials designed to be used without additional support from a career counsellor, or where responsibility for choosing an appropriate form of career support is left up to the client.
Comment
Many guidance services offer self-help materials to their clients; such materials are also widely available in other settings, such as libraries, on the web, etc.
Many self-help materials can also be used in group settings with or without the involvement of a career counsellor.
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ELGPN Glossary, guidance, provision, services
Profiling
Term
Profiling
Definition
The process of collecting information about a person to form a profile that describes him/her. This may involve collecting a standard set of information, possibly to compare people, or the construction of a one-off description of a person.
A similar approach is also commonly used to profile jobs or occupations and a job or occupational profile may be included in a career information system to make it easier to make comparisons between jobs and occupations.
Comment
Both the profiling of people and the profiling of jobs/occupations are common activities in guidance.
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ELGPN Glossary, guidance, information
Lifelong guidance
Term
Lifelong guidance
Definition
A range of activities that enables citizens of any age and at any point in their lives to identify their capacities, competences and interests, to make educational, training and occupational decisions and to manage their individual life paths in learning, work and other settings in which these capacities and competences are learned and/or used.
Comment
This is an approach to guidance which does not see it as a one-off or single point in time activity. It argues for guidance to be delivered proactively and not just at transition points and refers to guidance activity undertaken throughout life (i.e. at any lifestage) and that takes a lifelong perspective (i.e. from early in school and throughout both working and non-working life).
Life-wide guidance is a dimension of lifelong guidance just as life-wide learning is a dimension of lifelong learning. Life-wide guidance can be formal, non-formal or informal and can take place across the full range of life activities (personal, social or professional), across all sectors (education, initial training, employment and continuing training) and at any stage.
Source
Council of the European Union, (2008). Council Resolution on better integrating lifelong guidance into lifelong learning strategies. Available from Internet: http://www.consilium.europa.eu/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressData/en/educ/104236.pdf
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ELGPN Glossary, guidance, lifelong
Job-search training
Term
Job-search training
Definition
Training designed to help people in their search for jobs/employment.
Comment
Job-search training is often provided alongside other guidance services and can include a number of different elements, such as: information and advice on where to find out about potential jobs; help with the application process (e.g. CV writing, completing application forms); and preparation for job interviews and other elements of the selection process (e.g. taking selection tests, participating in an assessment centre).
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ELGPN Glossary, employment, guidance, job seeking, service, training
Guidance policy
Term
Guidance policy
Definition
Policy that determines and shapes the range and extent of guidance services that exist, their aims and principles, how the services are funded, and who is eligible to use them and under what circumstances.
Comment
Normally thought of as being government policy but many organisations, such as educational institutions, employers, charities and trade unions who offer career guidance, may also have policies that shape their services and determine who is eligible to use them.
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ELGPN Glossary, eligibility, guidance, policy, services
Guidance outcomes
Term
Guidance outcomes
Definition
Guidance has economic, social and learning outcomes and these reflect both its personal impact and the wider societal benefits.
Comment
See separate definitions of ‘Economic and social outcomes of guidance’ and ‘Learning outcomes of guidance’, and also the definition of ‘Outcome (quality)’.
Source
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ELGPN Glossary, guidance, impact, learning outcome
Guidance
Term
Guidance
Definition
Help for individuals to make choices about education, training and employment.
Comment
Career or vocational guidance is often just called guidance by practitioners. Guidance is in fact an umbrella that encompasses counselling as well as activities such as informing, coaching, teaching, assessment and advocacy.
See earlier comments under ‘Career guidance’.
Sometimes used as a synonym for career guidance or vocational guidance.
Source
Hawthorn, R. (1991). Who Offers Guidance. Sheffield: Employment Department.
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ELGPN Glossary, career choice, career guidance, coaching, vocational guidance, career counselling, services, guidance
Entrepreneurship guidance
Term
Entrepreneurship guidance
Definition
Guidance activities designed to assist individuals in reviewing their suitability for setting up a new business venture or embarking on self-employment, and to promote proactivity, entrepreneurship and a sense of autonomy.
Comment
Guidance may facilitate linkages between job providers, entrepreneurs, and innovation.
Being entrepreneurial can be relevant in a wide range of situations and not just in setting up a new business or when someone becomes self-employed.
Source
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ELGPN Glossary, entrepreneurship, guidance, self-employment
Employment counselling/guidance
Term
Employment counselling/guidance
Definition
Counselling or guidance that addresses one or more of the following domains: career/ occupational decision-making, skill enhancement, job search and employment maintenance. Activities include assessment, development and implementation of an action plan, follow-up and evaluation.
Comment
The outcome of employment counselling is to help clients improve their employability and self-sufficiency in the labour market.
Source
Canada Career Information Partnership (2006). A Career Development Resource for Parents. Available from Internet: http://www.ccdf.ca/ccdf/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/a_career_development_resource_for_parents_e.pdf
Career Guidance and Counselling Glossary. Result of Leonardo da Vinci programme project “Overcoming Intercultural and Linguistic Barriers in Continuously Accessible Vocational Guidance and Counselling” (project No LT/03/B/F/LA-171023). Available from Internet: http://glossary.ambernet.lt/main.php?lang=eng#
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http://www.ccdf.ca/ccdf/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/a_career_development_resource_for_parents_e.pdf
http://glossary.ambernet.lt/main.php?lang=eng#
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ELGPN Glossary, employability, employment, guidance, counselling, decision-making
e-guidance
Term
e-guidance
Definition
Counselling or guidance that is delivered using ICT and which may or may not directly involve a guidance counsellor. Frequently used to describe the provision of information or the use of self-assessment tools and exercises via the internet.
Comment
e-guidance covers the provision of guidance activities and services using all forms of ICT, including:
Online Guidance
Guidance provided via ICT, for example using a computer or similar electronic device (e.g. a mobile telephone). May include interaction with a guidance professional via email, webchat, sms or social media (e.g. Facebook). Frequently used to describe the provision of information or the use of self-assessment tools and exercises via the internet.
Telephone guidance
The provision of guidance services via the telephone. It may involve a telephone conversation with a guidance worker or, less frequently, the delivery of pre-recorded information. Similar services are now also provided by webchat, sms or via the internet.
Web guidance
Guidance activities provided via the internet using ICT. This may include the provision of information, the use of self-help materials and tools, as well as more interactive activities, such as participation in forums or discussion groups, and email or web-based discussion with a guidance worker.
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ELGPN Glossary, guidance, internet, ICT, online, career guidance, counsellor, social media
Educational counselling/guidance
Term
Educational counselling/guidance
Definition
Helping an individual to reflect on personal educational issues and experiences and to make appropriate educational choices.
Comment
Sometimes used to describe a broader range of activities: for example, advising pupils or students on their educational progress, on career opportunities, or on personal difficulties or anxieties (UNESCO).
Source
Career Guidance and Counselling Glossary. Result of Leonardo da Vinci programme project “Overcoming Intercultural and Linguistic Barriers in Continuously Accessible Vocational Guidance and Counselling” (project No LT/03/B/F/LA-171023). Available from Internet: http://glossary.ambernet.lt/main.php?lang=eng#
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http://glossary.ambernet.lt/main.php?lang=eng#
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ELGPN Glossary, education, guidance, counselling, choice
Economic and social outcomes of guidance
Term
Economic and social outcomes of guidance
Definition
Guidance has social and economic outcomes: in particular, improving the efficiency and effectiveness of education, training and the labour market through its contribution to reducing drop-out, preventing skill mismatches, increasing job tenure and boosting productivity; and also addressing social equity and social inclusion.
Comment
Economic and social outcomes are usually considered together as the two outcomes are closely linked.
See separate definitions of ‘Guidance outcomes’, ‘Learning outcomes of guidance’ and the definition of ‘Outcome (quality)’.
Source
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ELGPN Glossary, guidance, outcomes, mismatch, social inclusion, quality
Distance guidance services
Term
Distance guidance services
Definition
Guidance services that are provided remotely, for example by telephone, email or via the internet. The key feature is that the client and guidance worker are not in face-to-face contact and, in the case of automated internet guidance, no guidance worker is directly involved in the delivery of the guidance service.
Comment
Often delivered using ICT.
See definitions for ‘e-guidance’ and ‘ICT’.
Source
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ELGPN Glossary, distance, guidance, ICT, internet, services, e-guidance
Cost-benefit analysis
Term
Cost-benefit analysis
Definition
Comparative analysis of the costs and benefits of a guidance service or particular guidance activity – and of the value of that service or activity – to select the most financially beneficial solution.
Comment
Cost-benefit analysis is one way of assessing and measuring the cost benefits and social returns on investment of differing types of careers interventions.
Source
Cedefop (2011). Glossary: Quality in education and training. Luxembourg: Publications Office. Available from Internet: http://www.cedefop.europa.eu/EN/Files/4106_en.pdf
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http://www.cedefop.europa.eu/EN/Files/4106_en.pdf
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ELGPN Glossary, cost-effectiveness, cost-impact, finance, guidance, services
Co-ordination mechanisms
Term
Co-ordination mechanisms
Definition
Processes, systems or organisational structures used to facilitate people or organisations co-ordinating their work or interventions together.
Comment
Co-ordination of lifelong guidance activities is likely to require a co-ordinating structure, with operational powers and funding (and possibly a contract or legal mandate). The establishment of national fora is one way that has been used to encourage co-ordination of lifelong guidance activities.
It could also involve the sharing of responsibility for different activities in a programme of careers work.
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ELGPN Glossary, co-ordination, process, system, lifelong, guidance
Common quality-assurance framework
Term
Common quality-assurance framework
Definition
Set of common principles, guidelines, criteria and tools adopted by a group at a local, regional, national or international level in order to develop and assure quality in guidance delivery and in relation to the qualification of guidance practitioners.
Comment
A more general definition would be a set of common principles, guidelines, criteria and tools adopted by a group at a local, regional, national or international level for the quality assurance of services.
Source
Cedefop (2011). Glossary: Quality in education and training. Luxembourg: Publications Office. Available from Internet: http://www.cedefop.europa.eu/EN/Files/4106_en.pdf
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http://www.cedefop.europa.eu/EN/Files/4106_en.pdf
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ELGPN Glossary, quality, quality assurance, guidance, practitioner
Career guidance
Term
Career guidance
Definition
A range of activities that enable citizens of any age, and at any point in their lives, to identify their capacities, competences and interests; to make meaningful educational, training and occupational decisions; and to manage their individual life paths in learning, work and other settings in which these capacities and competences are learned and/or used.
Comment
Career guidance is defined in the same way as lifelong guidance.
Guidance is provided in a range of settings: education, training, employment, community, and private.
Career or vocational guidance is often just called guidance by practitioners. Guidance is in fact an umbrella that encompasses counselling as well as activities such as informing, coaching, teaching, assessment and advocacy.
It is treated as a synonym of guidance and vocational guidance. Educational guidance, however, has been treated as a more specific term.
Source
Council of the European Union, (2008). Council Resolution on better integrating lifelong guidance into lifelong learning strategies. Available from Internet: http://www.consilium.europa.eu/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressData/en/educ/104236.pdf
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http://www.consilium.europa.eu/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressData/en/educ/104236.pdf
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ELGPN Glossary, career guidance, guidance, career, competences, decision-making, life path, vocational, practitioners, counselling, coaching
Career education
Term
Career education
Definition
Programmes and activities of learning to help people to develop the skills necessary to manage their career and life pathway. These include accessing and making effective use of career information and guidance.
Comment
Other definitions include:
• The systematic cooperation of educational institutions, parents and society in assisting young people and adults to acquire knowledge and skills that will enable them to make rational vocational decisions (Career Guidance and Counselling Glossary).
• The development of knowledge, skills and attitudes through a planned programme of learning experiences in education and training settings which will assist students to make informed decisions about their study and/or work options and enable effective participation in working life (Australian Ministerial Council for Employment, Education, Training and Youth Affairs, 1998).
Source
Institute of Career Guidance: Careers Education Committee. Available from Internet: http://www.icg-uk.org/careerseducationcommittee.html
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http://www.icg-uk.org/careerseducationcommittee.html
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ELGPN Glossary, career, education, life pathway, guidance, young people, adults, vocational, skills, knowledge, decision-making
Career counsellor
Term
Career counsellor
Definition
Career counsellors assist people to explore, pursue and attain their career goals.
Comment
Career advisers/counsellors have normally received professional training and possess a recognised professional qualification.
Other definitions include:
• A professional trained in career guidance that is able to assist others to make rational career choices (Career Guidance and Counselling Glossary).
• A career counsellor provides counselling in educational, career and personal domains. A career counsellor assists individuals to achieve greater self-awareness, develop a life/work direction, increase understanding of learning and work opportunities and become self-directed in managing learning, work and transitions (Canada Career Information Partnership, 2006).
Synonym for career adviser and guidance counsellor.
Source
UNESCO (2002). Handbook of Career Counselling. Available from Internet: http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001257/125740e.pdf
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http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001257/125740e.pdf
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ELGPN Glossary, counsellor, career, guidance, career choice, self-awareness, opportunity, transition