Quantitative and qualitative evidence
Term
Quantitative and qualitative evidence
Definition
Numerical information is used to provide quantitative evidence, while qualitative evidence is based on observation and judgement and deals with meanings. Qualitative evidence is usually provided by experts or people considered by virtue of their training or work experience to be appropriately qualified to make such assessments.
Comment
For a guidance service, numerical evidence might be, for example, the number of clients using the service, their ratings of satisfaction with the service, or the number who obtained employment; while qualitative evidence might be provided by interviews with clients about their experience of using the service carried out by an independent researcher.
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ELGPN Glossary, evidence base, evidence
Evidence-based policy and practice
Term
Evidence-based policy and practice
Definition
The conscientious, explicit and judicious use of current evidence of what works best, and most cost-effectively, to inform lifelong guidance policy and practice.
More generally, any activity, intervention or way of working that has been designed on the basis of evidence that demonstrates the effectiveness of the particular approach (policy or practice) being used.
Comment
An example of using of an evidence-based policy would be where data on lifelong guidance service usage and potential demand are collected systematically at national level to develop evidence-based policies to target provision for different groups.
Although different, it can be seen as an adjunct to reflective practice.
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ELGPN Glossary, evidence base, evidence-based, policy, practice, effectiveness
Evidence
Term
Evidence
Definition
The information presented to support a finding or conclusion. Evidence should be sufficient, competent and relevant: there are four types of evidence: observations (obtained through direct observation of people or events); documentary (obtained from written information); analytical (based on computations and comparisons); and self-reported (obtained through, for example, surveys).
Comment
Evidence can come in a variety of forms provided by a variety of research methods, and can be of varying strength or robustness. The strength or robustness of evidence depends upon the qualitative or quantitative approach used. Social, economic and management indicators can constitute an appropriate evidence base, if they adequately reflect the relation of guidance provision to specific outcomes (i.e. retention rate in education or employment) by, for example, connecting to performance measures and indicators.
Source
United Nations, Monitoring, Evaluation and Consulting Division (MECD). Glossary. Available from Internet: http://www.un.org/Depts/oios/mecd/mecd_glossary/index.htm
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http://www.un.org/Depts/oios/mecd/mecd_glossary/index.htm
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ELGPN Glossary, evidence base, information, method, research